Global warming affects all people on Earth
Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability [pdf] the report of Working Group II of the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which took six years to assemble and draws from the 2500 survey Scientists more than 130 countries also makes clear that while the poor around the world will suffer most from the effects of global warming, no person on Earth will escape the consequences. The effects of global warming will be felt in all regions and all levels of society.

“It is the poorest of the poor in the world – and this includes poor people even in prosperous societies – which are the most serious consequences”, said Rajendra K Pachauri, the chairman of the expert group and an action by India. “Persons are poor are least equipped to be able to adapt to the impacts of climate change and thus in some sense, this is a global responsibility, in my opinion. “

The summary report on the effects of global warming, is part of two of the four part of the IPCC report to be released in stages during the year 2007. The first part, released in February 2007, confirmed with 90 percent certainty that global warming is unstoppable and now the man responsible for a significant proportion of greenhouse gases trapping heat that caused global temperatures to increase dramatically after mid 20th century.

We need urgent action to reduce global warming
Rising global temperatures could bring some temporary benefits, according to the report, and especially to increase food production because of rain and longer growing seasons in the mid-high latitudes and least number of deaths linked to cold. But these scientists expect short-term benefits to be offset by an increase in droughts, floods, water shortages and hunger in other areas, and more deaths and disease around the world.

“It is now clear that we are jointly responsible for warming the past 50 years, and this is already causing adverse changes in our planet,” said Catherine Pearce, climate campaigner for Friends of the Earth International. “Unless we act now to reduce emissions, is much worse to come, condemning millions in the poorest regions of the world for the loss of lives, livelihoods and homes. Climate change is no longer simply an environmental issue. This is a Excluding humanitarian disaster, which ultimately threaten global security and survival. “

Conclusions of the report include:

* Projected climate change are likely to affect millions of people who are already vulnerable. Heat waves, floods, storms, droughts, fires and will result in increased deaths, diseases and other damage. Global warming is also expected to lead to more deaths due to malnutrition, diseases that cause diarrhea, cardiovascular disease associated with high concentrations of ground-level ozone, and a wide distribution of diseases transmitted by insects, rodents etc.

* Millions more people are projected to be at risk of flooding due to rising sea levels, especially in densely populated and low, settlements, which already face other challenges, such as hurricanes and tropical storms.

* About 20-30 percent of plant and animal species assessed so far are likely to be at greater risk of extinction if increases in global average temperature exceed 1.5-2.5 degrees Celsius. The global average temperature has already risen 0.74 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.

* During the past century, water supplies stored in glaciers and snow cover are projected to decline, reducing water availability in regions supplied by meltwater from major mountain ranges, where more than a sixth of the world’s population now lives. For example, glacial retreat in the Himalayas will disrupt water supplies downstream, which will affect billions of people across India, China, Nepal and Butão.

* In 2020, 75-250 million people in Africa are exposed to scarcity of water due to climate change.

* During the same period, the income of African rain-fed agriculture in some countries could be reduced by 50 percent.

* Latin America faces a substantial risk of loss of biodiversity by mid-century, as the increase in temperature and soil moisture decreases associated leads to a gradual replacement of tropical forest into savanna in parts of the Amazon region.

* People who live in small islands, such as those found in the Caribbean and the Pacific, are particularly vulnerable to rising sea levels, extreme weather, and deterioration of coastal conditions associated with global warming. Climate change is expected to reduce water resources in many small islands and adversely affect the livelihood of island communities, crippling fisheries, tourism and other key components of island economies.

The ice is melting faster than anyone expected in Antarctica and Greenland, ocean currents are changing and the sea is on the slide, experts.

“This year, a remarkable period of intense activity damage, with four hurricanes hit in the five-week period, can be a precursor of things to come,” said Dr. Paul Epstein, associate director of the Center for Health and Global Environment at Harvard Medical School.

Epstein and colleagues called a telephone news conference to raise their concerns, they have also been put before Congress in recent weeks.

“Weather patterns are changing. The character of the system is changed,” said Epstein. “It is a signal of how the system is not stable and behaves.”

Experts have long said that the people who affect the climate in the world, and this is no longer in any real dispute. Fossil fuels like oil, in particular, that release carbon dioxide forms a blanket that keeps heat from the sun.

But some experts have refutes the idea that this year’s hurricane season was unique.

“Recent history tells us that the storm does not become more frequent,” James O’Brien, professor of meteorology and oceanography at Florida State University, and colleagues said in a recent statement.

“According to meteorological measurements, extreme weather conditions do not improve.”

Faster than feared

James McCarthy, professor of biology at Harvard University and former co-director of the group from the impact of the intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change agreed said it is not possible to estimate the storm or drought caused by climate change.

But, he added, “We know that the temperature on earth is to change the pattern … I different continents now clear that there is the effect of changes in temperature and precipitation.

Even the most ardent researchers had predicted that some changes will happen as soon come, “he said. For example, several high-profile reports have described the unexpected rapid loss of ice in Antarctica and Greenland.

“The really important component of the interactive climate system,” said McCarthy. “They should really be a goods up call.”

Kevin Trenberth, head of the Climate Analysis Section at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, said that the level of carbon dioxide that more than 30 percent higher than in pre-industrial times.

“Global sea level has risen by about a quarter inch, and in the last 10 years,” he added. “Most of the increase is due to the expansion of the sea surface because the ocean warms,” he said, saying that 25 percent to 30 percent comes from melting ice.

Insurance is a serious trend, “said Matthias Weber, Senior Vice President and Chief property USA responsible for the U.S. direct insurance division of Swiss Re.

“This is the first time since 1886 that we have four hurricanes in one country affects the same season,” said Weber. “More than 22 percent of all homes (in Florida), which is influenced by at least one of the storm.”

Increasing temperature of Earth has has put poles for the first time directly attributable to human activities, according to a study. The work, by an international team, is published in the journal Nature Geoscience. In 2007, the UN body on climate change presented strong evidence that the global average temperature increase is largely due to human activities. That contradicts the idea that this was a result of natural processes, such as an increase in intensity on sun.

At the time, there was sufficient evidence to say this for sure about the Arctic and Antarctic.
We really can not continue to pretend that it is natural that guides these variations to such big changes. Now this gap in research was connected, according to scientists who have made a detailed analysis of changes in temperature at both poles. The study indicates that humans have contributed to global warming in both regions. Researchers result was expected in the Arctic – a result of the recent sharp increase in melting of sea ice in summer in the region – but the  temperature changes in Antarctica have been so far difficult to interpret.

Today study, according to the researchers, suggests for the first time there is a discernable human influence on both the Arctic and Antarctica.
The research team took the temperature changes over Earth’s polar regions and compared with two sets of climate models.
A series assumes that there were no human influenza set the other was taken there. The best fit was with models that assumption that human activity including burning of fossil fuels and ozone depletion has played a role. According to one of the researchers involved in the study, Peter Stott, head of climate and monitoring for the award Met Office, formally showing that the Antarctic has been influenced by human activity was the main development:

In recent IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) report, for example, he said, “unable to make a statement on the Antarctic, because this was not done a study at that time.
“But yet, when you do that you can clearly see a fingerprint found in humans. We really can not claim more than is natural that guides these variations are very big changes that we are seeing in our climate system.”
Professor Phil Jones, director of the Climate Research Unit of the University of East Anglia, said: “Our study is certainly close some loopholes in the latest report by the IPCC.
“But I still think a number of people, including some politicians are reluctant to accept the evidence or do nothing until they refused to say specifically that a particular event was caused by humans as a serious flood or somewhere even a heatwave.
“Until you go to small events in time and space, there will be people who still doubt the evidence.”

The global average air temperature near the Earth’s surface rose 0.74 ± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F) during the last 100 years. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes, “most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations via the greenhouse effect. Natural phenomena such as solar variation combined with volcanoes probably had a small warming effect from pre-industrial times to 1950 and a small cooling effect from 1950 onward. The range of values results from the use of differing scenarios of future greenhouse gas emissions as well as models with differing climate sensitivity. An increase in global temperatures is expected to cause the sea level to rise, increase the intensity of extreme weather events, and change the amount and pattern of precipitation. Other effects of global warming include changes in agricultural yields, glacier retreat, species extinctions and increases in the ranges of disease vectors.

Most national governments have signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

The term “global warming” is a specific example of the broader term climate change, which can also refer to global cooling. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) uses the term “climate change” for human-caused change, and “climate variability” for other changes.

Earth’s climate changes in response to external forcing, including variations in its orbit around the sun (orbital forcing), volcanic eruptions, and atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. The detailed causes of the recent warming remain an active field of research, but the scientific consensus identifies elevated levels of greenhouse gases due to human activity as the main influence. In contrast to the scientific consensus that recent warming is mainly attributable to elevated levels of greenhouse gases, other hypotheses have been suggested to explain the observed increase in mean global temperature. Climate commitment studies indicate that even if greenhouse gases were stabilized at 2000 levels, a further warming of about 0.5 °C (0.9 °F) would still occur.

Greenhouse process is the process by which absorption and emission of infrared radiation by atmospheric gases warms a planet’s atmosphere and surface.

Naturally occurring greenhouse gases have a mean warming effect of about 33 °C (59 °F), without which Earth would be uninhabitable. Some other naturally occurring gases contribute very small fractions of the greenhouse effect; one of these, nitrous oxide (N₂O), is increasing in concentration owing to human activity such as agriculture. The atmospheric concentrations of CO₂ and methane have increased by 31% and 149% respectively above pre-industrial levels since 1750. Future CO₂ levels are expected to rise due to ongoing burning of fossil fuels and land-use change. Fossil fuel reserves are sufficient to reach this level and continue emissions past 2100, if coal, tar sands or methane clathrates are extensively used.